maple syrup urine disease

Summary
Synonym
  • Ketoacidaemia
  • branched chain ketoaciduria
Definition
An organic acidemia that is caused by a deficiency of decarboxylase leading to high concentrations of valine, leucine, isoleucine, and alloisoleucine in the blood, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid and characterized by an odor of maple syrup to the urine, vomiting, hypertonicity, severe mental retardation, seizures, and eventually death unless the condition is treated with dietary measures.
Super Class
organic acidemia
Disease Ontology
DOID:9269
Mondo Disease Ontology
MeSH
UMLS
NCI Thesaurus
ORDO
GARD
MGI genotype (from TogoID)
WikiPathways (from TogoID)
Related Genes
Displaying all 4 entries
Gene ID Gene Symbol Description Source
593 BCKDHA branched chain keto acid dehydrogenase E1 subunit alpha
594 BCKDHB branched chain keto acid dehydrogenase E1 subunit beta
1629 DBT dihydrolipoamide branched chain transacylase E2
1738 DLD dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase
Displaying 1 entry
Gene ID Gene Symbol Description Source
12036 Bcat2 branched chain aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial
Related Glycoprotein
The Human Phenotype Ontology
Displaying entries 1 - 10 of 48 in total
HPO ID HPO Term
HP:0007663 Reduced visual acuity
HP:0002151 Increased circulating lactate concentration
HP:0010913 Hyperisoleucinemia
HP:0001251 Ataxia
HP:0002910 Elevated circulating hepatic transaminase concentration
HP:0001638 Cardiomyopathy
HP:0001399 Hepatic failure
HP:0000252 Microcephaly
HP:0002240 Hepatomegaly
HP:0001987 Hyperammonemia
Displaying all 2 entries
Gene ID Gene Symbol Description
1738 DLD dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase
593 BCKDHA branched chain keto acid dehydrogenase E1 subunit alpha

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Last updated: August 4, 2025