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Guidelines

MIRAGE

tyrosinase

Summary

Gene Symbol

TYR

Organism

Homo sapiens (human)

External Links

NCBI Gene

7299

KEGG Gene ID

PubChem

7299

Alliance of Genome Resources

HGNC:12442

Annotation

Keyword

3D-structure
Albinism
Alternative splicing
Copper
Disease variant
Glycoprotein
Melanin biosynthesis
Metal-binding
Monooxygenase
Proteomics identification
Reference proteome
Signal
Transmembrane helix
Tumor antigen
Waardenburg syndrome

Proteins

Displaying **all 2** entries
UniProt	Protein Name
L8B082	Monophenol monooxygenase
P14679	LB24-AB Monophenol monooxygenase SK29-AB Tumor rejection antigen AB

Annotation information from UniProt.

Gene Ontology (GO)

Displaying entries **6 - 10** of 16 in total

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GO Term	Evidence Code	PMID
response to blue light	IDA
response to vitamin D	IEA
melanin biosynthetic process	IDA
melanin biosynthetic process	IBA
melanin biosynthetic process	IEA

GO Hierarchy

biological process

cellular process [inference]

metabolic process [inference]

biosynthetic process [inference]

secondary metabolite biosynthetic process [inference]

melanin biosynthetic process

melanin biosynthetic process from tyrosine

phenol-containing compound biosynthetic process [inference]

melanin biosynthetic process

melanin biosynthetic process from tyrosine

phenol-containing compound metabolic process [inference]

melanin metabolic process [inference]

melanin biosynthetic process

melanin biosynthetic process from tyrosine

phenol-containing compound biosynthetic process [inference]

melanin biosynthetic process

melanin biosynthetic process from tyrosine

secondary metabolic process [inference]

melanin metabolic process [inference]

melanin biosynthetic process

melanin biosynthetic process from tyrosine

secondary metabolite biosynthetic process [inference]

melanin biosynthetic process

melanin biosynthetic process from tyrosine

pigment metabolic process [inference]

melanin metabolic process [inference]

melanin biosynthetic process

melanin biosynthetic process from tyrosine

pigment metabolic process involved in pigmentation [inference]

pigment metabolic process involved in developmental pigmentation [inference]

eye pigment metabolic process [inference]

eye pigment biosynthetic process

pigment biosynthetic process [inference]

eye pigment biosynthetic process

melanin biosynthetic process

melanin biosynthetic process from tyrosine

primary metabolic process [inference]

amino acid metabolic process [inference]

aromatic amino acid metabolic process [inference]

tyrosine metabolic process [inference]

melanin biosynthetic process from tyrosine

proteinogenic amino acid metabolic process [inference]

tyrosine metabolic process [inference]

melanin biosynthetic process from tyrosine

alpha-amino acid metabolic process [inference]

L-amino acid metabolic process [inference]

tyrosine metabolic process [inference]

melanin biosynthetic process from tyrosine

small molecule metabolic process [inference]

organic acid metabolic process [inference]

oxoacid metabolic process [inference]

carboxylic acid metabolic process [inference]

aromatic amino acid metabolic process [inference]

tyrosine metabolic process [inference]

melanin biosynthetic process from tyrosine

proteinogenic amino acid metabolic process [inference]

tyrosine metabolic process [inference]

melanin biosynthetic process from tyrosine

alpha-amino acid metabolic process [inference]

L-amino acid metabolic process [inference]

tyrosine metabolic process [inference]

melanin biosynthetic process from tyrosine

cell population proliferation

multicellular organismal process [inference]

system process [inference]

nervous system process [inference]

sensory perception [inference]

sensory perception of light stimulus [inference]

visual perception

developmental process [inference]

anatomical structure development [inference]

animal organ development [inference]

hematopoietic or lymphoid organ development [inference]

thymus development

gland development [inference]

thymus development

developmental pigmentation

eye pigmentation

response to stimulus [inference]

response to abiotic stimulus [inference]

response to radiation [inference]

response to light stimulus [inference]

response to nutrient levels [inference]

response to nutrient [inference]

response to vitamin [inference]

response to vitamin D

response to chemical [inference]

response to nutrient [inference]

response to vitamin [inference]

response to vitamin D

response to lipid [inference]

response to vitamin D

response to organophosphorus [inference]

response to cAMP

response to nitrogen compound [inference]

response to purine-containing compound [inference]

response to cAMP

response to oxygen-containing compound [inference]

Displaying entries **1 - 5** of 9 in total

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GO Term	Evidence Code	PMID
cytoplasm	IDA
lysosome	TAS
Golgi-associated vesicle	TAS
melanosome membrane	TAS
melanosome membrane	IEA

GO Hierarchy

cellular component

cellular anatomical structure [inference]

cytoplasm

membrane [inference]

organelle membrane [inference]

vesicle membrane [inference]

cytoplasmic vesicle membrane [inference]

pigment granule membrane [inference]

melanosome membrane

bounding membrane of organelle [inference]

pigment granule membrane [inference]

melanosome membrane

organelle [inference]

membrane-bounded organelle [inference]

vesicle [inference]

intracellular vesicle [inference]

cytoplasmic vesicle [inference]

Golgi-associated vesicle

pigment granule [inference]

melanosome

intracellular membrane-bounded organelle [inference]

vacuole [inference]

lytic vacuole [inference]

lysosome

intracellular vesicle [inference]

cytoplasmic vesicle [inference]

Golgi-associated vesicle

pigment granule [inference]

melanosome

intracellular organelle [inference]

intracellular membrane-bounded organelle [inference]

vacuole [inference]

lytic vacuole [inference]

lysosome

intracellular vesicle [inference]

cytoplasmic vesicle [inference]

Golgi-associated vesicle

pigment granule [inference]

melanosome

perinuclear region of cytoplasm

Displaying entries **1 - 5** of 12 in total

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GO Term	Evidence Code	PMID
tyrosinase activity	EXP
tyrosinase activity	IDA
tyrosinase activity	IBA
tyrosinase activity	IEA
copper ion binding	IMP

GO Hierarchy

molecular function

catalytic activity [inference]

oxidoreductase activity

monooxygenase activity [inference]

oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, another compound as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen [inference]

tyrosinase activity

oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen [inference]

oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, another compound as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen [inference]

tyrosinase activity

binding [inference]

protein binding

identical protein binding

protein homodimerization activity

protein dimerization activity [inference]

protein homodimerization activity

small molecule binding [inference]

ion binding [inference]

cation binding [inference]

metal ion binding

transition metal ion binding [inference]

copper ion binding

Gene Ontology information from NCBI Gene and UniProt.

Disease

Disease Ontology

Displaying **all 9** entries
DO ID	Disease Name	Source
DOID:12306	vitiligo	Alliance of Genome Resources
DOID:0050632	oculocutaneous albinism	Alliance of Genome Resources
DOID:0050633	ocular albinism 1	Alliance of Genome Resources
DOID:0070094	oculocutaneous albinism type IA	Alliance of Genome Resources
DOID:8465	retinoschisis	Alliance of Genome Resources
DOID:8923	skin melanoma	Alliance of Genome Resources
DOID:10123	pigmentation disease	Alliance of Genome Resources
DOID:0070095	oculocutaneous albinism type IB	Alliance of Genome Resources
DOID:1909	melanoma	Alliance of Genome Resources

Ortholog

Displaying **all 2** entries
Species	Gene ID	Alliance of Genome Resources
Mus musculus	22173	MGI:98880
Caenorhabditis elegans	176105	WB:WBGene00015332

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GlyCosmos is a member of the GlySpace Alliance together with GlyGen and Glycomics@ExPASy.

Acknowledgements

Supported by JST NBDC Grant Number JPMJND2204

Partly supported by NIH Common Fund Grant #1U01GM125267-01

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GlyCosmos Portal v4.5.0

Last updated: April 6, 2026