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HCN channels

Summary

Organism

Homo sapiens (human)

Reactome

R-HSA-1296061

PubChem

R-HSA-1296061

Description

Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels are nonselective ligand-gated cation channels in the plasma membranes of heart and brain cells. HCN channels are sometimes referred to as “pacemaker channels” because they help to generate rhythmic activity within groups of heart and brain cells. They are highly expressed in spontaneously active cardiac regions, such as the sinoatrial node (SAN, the natural pacemaker region), the atrioventricular node (AVN) and the Purkinje fibres of conduction tissue. HCN channels are encoded by four genes (HCN1, 2, 3, 4) and are widely expressed throughout the heart and the central nervous system. HCN channels are homotetramers of four subunits and conduct a Na+ and K+ current with a permeability of 1:4. The mixed sodium–potassium current activates upon hyperpolarization at voltages in the diastolic range (normally from −60/−70 mV to −40 mV). At the end of a sinoatrial action potential, the membrane repolarizes below −40/−50 mV, the "funny current" is activated and supplies inward current, which is responsible for starting the diastolic depolarization phase (DD); by this mechanism, the funny current controls the rate of spontaneous activity of sinoatrial myocytes, hence the cardiac rate. HCN channels are involved in controlling the rhythmic activity of pacemaker current in autorythymic cells in heart and neuronal processes such as dendritic integration and synaptic transmission.

Click on a node on the pathway to see its details. Glycoproteins are marked with a glycoprotein icon in their name.

SPV: a JavaScript Signaling Pathway Visualizer, Bioinformatics, 2018

Displaying **all 4** entries
UniProt ID	Protein Name	Gene Symbol	Pathway Viewer
O60741	Potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 1	BCNG1 HCN1	view
Q9P1Z3	Potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 3	HCN3 KIAA1535	view
Q9UL51	Potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 2	BCNG2 HCN2	view
Q9Y3Q4	Potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 4	HCN4	view

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