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Syndecan interactions

Summary

Organism

Homo sapiens (human)

Reactome

R-HSA-3000170

PubChem

R-HSA-3000170

Description

Syndecans are type I transmembrane proteins, with an N-terminal ectodomain that contains several consensus sequences for glycosaminoglycan (GAG) attachment and a short C-terminal cytoplasmic domain. Syndecan-1 and -3 GAG attachment sites occur in two distinct clusters, one near the N-terminus and the other near the membrane-attachment site, separated by a proline and threonine-rich 'spacer'. Syndecan ectodomain sequences are poorly conserved in the family and between species, but the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains are highly conserved. Syndecan-1 and -3 form a subfamily. Syndecan core proteins form dimers (Choi et al. 2007) and at least syndecan-3 and -4 form oligomers (Asundi & Carey 1995, Shin et al. 2012). Syndecan-1 is the major syndecan of epithelial cells including vascular endothelium. Syndecan-2 is present mostly in mesenchymal, neuronal and smooth muscle cells. Syndecan-3 is the major syndecan of the nervous system, while syndecan-4 is ubiquitously expressed but at lower levels than the other syndecans (refs in Alexopoulou et al. 2007). The core syndecan protein has three to five heparan sulfate or chondroitin sulfate chains, which interact with a variety of ligands including fibroblast growth factors, vascular endothelial growth factor, transforming growth factor-beta, fibronectin, collagen, vitronectin and several integrins. Syndecans may act as integrin coreceptors. Interactions between fibronectin and syndecans are modulated by tenascin-C. Syndecans bind a wide variety of soluble and insoluble ligands, inckluding extracellular matrix components, cell adhesion molecules, growth factors, cytokines, and proteinases. As the cleaved ectodomains of syndecans retain the ability to bind ligands, ectodomain shedding is a mechanism for releasing soluble effectors that may compete for ligands with their cell-bound counterparts (Kainulainen et al. 1998). Shed ectodomains are found in inflammatory fluids (Subramanian et al. 1997) and may induce the proliferation of cancer cells (Maeda et al. 2004).

Click on a node on the pathway to see its details. Glycoproteins are marked with a glycoprotein icon in their name.

SPV: a JavaScript Signaling Pathway Visualizer, Bioinformatics, 2018

Displaying entries **1 - 10** of 25 in total

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UniProt ID	Protein Name	Gene Symbol	Pathway Viewer
O14936	Peripheral plasma membrane protein CASK	CASK LIN2	view
O75056	Syndecan-3	KIAA0468 SDC3	view
P01137	Transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein	TGFB TGFB1	view
P02452	Collagen alpha-1(I) chain	COL1A1	view
P02461	Collagen alpha-1(III) chain	COL3A1	view
P02751	Fibronectin	FN FN1	view
P04004	Vitronectin	VTN	view
P05106	Integrin beta-3	GP3A ITGB3	view
P05556	Integrin beta-1	FNRB ITGB1 MDF2 MSK12	view
P05997	Collagen alpha-2(V) chain	COL5A2	view

Displaying **all 2** entries
GlyCosmos Lectin	UniProt ID	Lectin Name	Pathway Viewer
GL_002356	P24821	Tenascin	view
GL_002853	P04004	Vitronectin	view

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