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Opsins

Summary

Organism

Homo sapiens (human)

Reactome

R-HSA-419771

PubChem

R-HSA-419771

Description

Opsins are light-sensitive, 35-55 kDa membrane-bound G protein-coupled receptors of the retinylidene protein family found in photoreceptor cells of the retina. Five classical groups of opsins are involved in vision, mediating the conversion of a photon of light into an electrochemical signal, the first step in the visual transduction cascade (Terakita A, 2005; Nickle B and Robinson PR, 2007). Another opsin found in the mammalian retina, melanopsin, is involved in circadian rhythms and pupillary reflex but not in image-forming (Hankins MW et al, 2008; Kumbalasiri T and Provencio I, 2005). Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. The G protein transducin, encoded by GNAT genes, is one of the transducers of a visual impulse that performs the coupling between rhodopsin and cGMP-phosphodiesterase. Defects in GNAT1 are the cause of congenital stationary night blindness autosomal dominant type 3, also known as congenital stationary night blindness Nougaret type. Congenital stationary night blindness is a non-progressive retinal disorder characterized by impaired night vision (Dryja TP et al, 1996). Defects in GNAT2 are the cause of achromatopsia type 4 (ACHM4). Achromatopsia is an autosomal recessively inherited visual disorder that is present from birth and that features the absence of color discrimination (Kohl S et al, 2002).

Click on a node on the pathway to see its details. Glycoproteins are marked with a glycoprotein icon in their name.

SPV: a JavaScript Signaling Pathway Visualizer, Bioinformatics, 2018

Displaying **all 8** entries
UniProt ID	Protein Name	Gene Symbol	Pathway Viewer
O14718	Visual pigment-like receptor peropsin	RRH	view
P03999	Short-wave-sensitive opsin 1	BCP OPN1SW	view
P04000	Long-wave-sensitive opsin 1	OPN1LW RCP	view
P04001	Medium-wave-sensitive opsin 1	GCP OPN1MW OPN1MW2 OPN1MW3	view
P08100	Rhodopsin	OPN2 RHO	view
P47804	RPE-retinal G protein-coupled receptor	RGR	view
Q6U736	Opsin-5	GPR136 OPN5 PGR12 TMEM13	view
Q9H1Y3	Opsin-3	ECPN OPN3	view

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