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Cation-coupled Chloride cotransporters

Summary

Organism

Homo sapiens (human)

Reactome

R-HSA-426117

PubChem

R-HSA-426117

Description

The cation-chloride cotransporter family (SLC12 gene family) are membrane proteins that cotranslocate chloride (Cl-) with either Na+, K+, or both cations electroneutrally. The general topology of these proteins feature 12 transmembrane domains flanked by hydrophilic NH2 and COOH-terminal domains. They are secondary transporters and movement of these cations is determined by gradients established by primary transporters such as Na+-K+-ATPase. Cotransporters that use Na+ as the driving force move Cl- into the cell because Na+ concentration is higher in the extracellular region. Conversely, cotransporters that use K+ as the driving force move Cl- out of the cell because K+ concentration is higher inside the cell.

The SLC12 gene family contains nine members, of which seven are clearly characterized genes and two are orphans. They encode cotransporter proteins which are 1) involved in Cl- homeostasis, 2) regulate cell volume, 3) involved in transepithelial ion movement (salt reabsorption in the kidney) and 4) involved in response to neurotransmitters such as GABA.

Three different cotransporter subtypes are expressed by the seven characterized genes; one thiazide-sensitive Na+/Cl- cotransporter, two loop diuretic-sensitive Na+, K+/2Cl- cotransporters and four K+/Cl- cotransporters (Gamba G, 2005; Hebert SC et al, 2004).

Click on a node on the pathway to see its details. Glycoproteins are marked with a glycoprotein icon in their name.

SPV: a JavaScript Signaling Pathway Visualizer, Bioinformatics, 2018

Displaying **all 7** entries
UniProt ID	Protein Name	Gene Symbol	Pathway Viewer
P55011	Solute carrier family 12 member 2	NKCC1 SLC12A2 hCG_27034	view
P55017	Solute carrier family 12 member 3	NCC SLC12A3 TSC	view
Q13621	Solute carrier family 12 member 1	NKCC2 SLC12A1	view
Q9H2X9	Solute carrier family 12 member 5	KCC2 KIAA1176 SLC12A5	view
Q9UHW9	Solute carrier family 12 member 6	KCC3 SLC12A6	view
Q9UP95	Solute carrier family 12 member 4	KCC1 SLC12A4	view
Q9Y666	Solute carrier family 12 member 7	KCC4 SLC12A7	view

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