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E3 ubiquitin ligases ubiquitinate target proteins

Summary

Organism

Homo sapiens (human)

Reactome

R-HSA-8866654

PubChem

R-HSA-8866654

Description

E3 ubiquitin ligases catalyze the transfer of an ubiquitin from an E2-ubiquitin conjugate to a target protein. Generally, ubiquitin is transferred via formation of an amide bond to a particular lysine residue of the target protein, but ubiquitylation of cysteine, serine and threonine residues in a few targeted proteins has also been demonstrated (reviewed in McDowell and Philpott 2013, Berndsen and Wolberger 2014). Based on protein homologies, families of E3 ubiquitin ligases have been identified that include RING-type ligases (reviewed in Deshaies et al. 2009, Metzger et al. 2012, Metzger et al. 2014), HECT-type ligases (reviewed in Rotin et al. 2009, Metzger et al. 2012), and RBR-type ligases (reviewed in Dove et al. 2016). A subset of the RING-type ligases participate in CULLIN-RING ligase complexes (CRLs which include SCF complexes, reviewed in Lee and Zhou 2007, Genschik et al. 2013, Skaar et al. 2013, Lee et al. 2014).
Some E3-E2 combinations catalyze mono-ubiquitination of the target protein (reviewed in Nakagawa and Nakayama 2015). Other E3-E2 combinations catalyze conjugation of further ubiquitin monomers to the initial ubiquitin, forming polyubiquitin chains. (It may also be possible for some E3-E2 combinations to preassemble polyubiquitin and transfer it as a unit to the target protein.) Ubiquitin contains several lysine (K) residues and a free alpha amino group to which further ubiquitin can be conjugated. Thus different types of polyubiquitin are possible: K11 linked polyubiquitin is observed in endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD), K29 linked polyubiquitin is observed in lysosomal degradation, K48 linked polyubiquitin directs target proteins to the proteasome for degradation, whereas K63 linked polyubiquitin generally acts as a scaffold to recruit other proteins in several cellular processes, notably DNA repair (reviewed in Komander et al. 2009).

Click on a node on the pathway to see its details. Glycoproteins are marked with a glycoprotein icon in their name.

SPV: a JavaScript Signaling Pathway Visualizer, Bioinformatics, 2018

Displaying entries **1 - 10** of 26 in total

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UniProt ID	Protein Name	Gene Symbol	Pathway Viewer
O60814	Histone H2B type 1-K	H2BC12 H2BFT HIRIP1 HIST1H2BK	view
O75150	E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase BRE1B	BRE1B KIAA0661 RNF40	view
O75381	Peroxisomal membrane protein PEX14	PEX14	view
P04439	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, A alpha chain	HLA-A HLAA	view
P06899	Histone H2B type 1-J	H2BC11 H2BFR HIST1H2BJ	view
P09727	Unique short US11 glycoprotein	US11	view
P12004	DNA sliding clamp PCNA	PCNA	view
P23527	Histone H2B type 1-O	H2BC17 H2BFH H2BFN HIST1H2BO	view
P33778	Histone H2B type 1-B	H2BC3 H2BFF HIST1H2BB	view
P55072	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	HEL-220 HEL-S-70 VCP	view

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