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ICOS co-stimulation

Summary

Organism

Homo sapiens (human)

Reactome

R-HSA-9927354

PubChem

R-HSA-9927354

Description

ICOS (Inducible T-cell COStimulator) is a critical costimulatory receptor that enhances T cell responses following initial activation. Unlike CD28, which is constitutively expressed on naive T cells, ICOS expression is induced upon T cell activation. Both ICOS and CD28 engage class IA phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), leading to the production of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) and activation of downstream signaling pathways, including AKT. However, ICOS signaling is distinguished by a stronger induction of PIP3 production and more robust AKT phosphorylation compared to CD28 signaling (Fos et al. 2008). This enhanced signaling through ICOS contributes to its unique role in promoting T cell survival, cytokine production, and differentiation, particularly in the context of T follicular helper (Tfh) cell development and function (Dong et al. 2001). Despite these similarities, detailed knowledge about ICOS-specific downstream signaling pathways remains limited, highlighting a key area for further research to fully understand its distinct and overlapping roles with CD28 in T cell immunity (Wikenheiser & Stumhofer 2016).

Click on a node on the pathway to see its details. Glycoproteins are marked with a glycoprotein icon in their name.

SPV: a JavaScript Signaling Pathway Visualizer, Bioinformatics, 2018

Displaying **all 5** entries
UniProt ID	Protein Name	Gene Symbol	Pathway Viewer
O00329	Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform	PIK3CD	view
O75144	ICOS ligand	B7H2 B7RP1 ICOSL ICOSLG KIAA0653 hCG_401312	view
P42338	Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform	PIK3C1 PIK3CB	view
P48736	Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma isoform	PIK3CG	view
Q92569	Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma	PIK3R3	view

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