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Formation of the Early Elongation Complex

Summary

Organism

Homo sapiens (human)

Reactome

R-HSA-113418

PubChem

R-HSA-113418

Description

Transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) is controlled by a number of trans-acting transcription elongation factors as well as by cis-acting elements. Transcription elongation is a rate-limiting step for proper mRNA production in which the phosphorylation of Pol II CTD is a crucial biochemical event. The role of CTD phosphorylation in transcription by Pol II is greatly impaired by protein kinase inhibitors such as 5,6-dichloro-1- ribofuranosylbenzimidazole (DRB), which block CTD phosphorylation and induce arrest of elongating Pol II. DRB-sensitive activation Pol II CTD during elongation has enabled the isolation of two sets of factors -Negative Elongation Factors (NELF) and DRB sensitivity inducing factor (DSIF). P-Tefb is a DRB-sensitive, cyclin-dependent CTD kinase composed of Cdk9 that carries out Serine-2 phosphorylation of Pol II CTD during elongation.
The mechanism by which DSIF, NELF and P-TEFb act together in Pol II-regulated elongation is yet to be fully understood. Various biochemical evidences point to a model in which DSIF and NELF negatively regulate elongation through interactions with polymerase containing a hypophosphorylated CTD. Subsequent phosphorylation of the Pol II CTD by P-Tefb might promote elongation by inhibiting interactions of DSIF and NELF with the elongation complex.

Click on a node on the pathway to see its details. Glycoproteins are marked with a glycoprotein icon in their name.

SPV: a JavaScript Signaling Pathway Visualizer, Bioinformatics, 2018

Displaying entries **1 - 10** of 13 in total

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UniProt ID	Protein Name	Gene Symbol	Pathway Viewer
O00267	Transcription elongation factor SPT5	SPT5 SPT5H SUPT5H	view
O15514	DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB4	POLR2D	view
P13984	General transcription factor IIF subunit 2	GTF2F2 RAP30	view
P18615	Negative elongation factor E	NELFE RD RDBP	view
P24928	DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB1	POLR2 POLR2A	view
P30876	DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB2	POLR2B	view
P32780	General transcription factor IIH subunit 1	BTF2 GTF2H1	view
P35269	General transcription factor IIF subunit 1	GTF2F1 RAP74	view
P50613	Cyclin-dependent kinase 7	CAK CAK1 CDK7 CDKN7 MO15 STK1	view
P51946	Cyclin-H	CCNH	view

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