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Cytosolic sulfonation of small molecules

Summary

Organism

Homo sapiens (human)

Reactome

R-HSA-156584

PubChem

R-HSA-156584

Description

Two groups of sulfotransferease (SULT) enzymes catalyze the transfer of a sulfate group from 3-phosphoadenosine 5-phosphosulfate (PAPS) to a hydroxyl group on an acceptor molecule, yielding a sulfonated acceptor and 3-phosphoadenosine 5-phosphate (PAP). One is localized to the Golgi apparatus and mediates the sulfonation of proteoglycans. The second, annotated here, is cytosolic and mediates the sulfonation of a diverse array of small molecules, increasing their solubilities in water and modifying their physiological functions. There are probably thirteen or more human cytosolic SULT enzymes; eleven of these have been purified and characterized enzymatically, and are annotated here (Blanchard et al. 2004; Gamage et al. 2005). These enzymes appear to be active as dimers. Their substrate specificities are typically broad, and not related in an obvious way to their structures; indeed, apparently orthologous human and rodent SULT enzymes can have different substrate specificities (Glatt 2000), and none has been exhaustively characterized. The substrates listed in the table and annotated here are a sample of the known ones, chosen to indicate the range of activity of these enzymes and to capture some of their known physiologically important targets. Absence of a small molecule - enzyme pair from the table, however, may only mean that it has not yet been studied.

Click on a node on the pathway to see its details. Glycoproteins are marked with a glycoprotein icon in their name.

SPV: a JavaScript Signaling Pathway Visualizer, Bioinformatics, 2018

Displaying **all 8** entries
UniProt ID	Protein Name	Gene Symbol	Pathway Viewer
O00338	Sulfotransferase 1C2	SULT1C1 SULT1C2	view
O43704	Sulfotransferase 1B1	ST1B2 SULT1B1 SULT1B2	view
O60507	Protein-tyrosine sulfotransferase 1	TPST1	view
O60704	Protein-tyrosine sulfotransferase 2	TPST2	view
O95861	3'(2'),5'-bisphosphate nucleotidase 1	BPNT1	view
Q06520	Sulfotransferase 2A1	HST STD SULT2A1	view
Q9NX62	Golgi-resident adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate 3'-phosphatase	BPNT2 IMPA3 IMPAD1	view
Q9NZ53	Podocalyxin-like protein 2	PODXL2 UNQ1861/PRO3742	view

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