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CD28 co-stimulation

Summary

Organism

Homo sapiens (human)

Reactome

R-HSA-389356

PubChem

R-HSA-389356

Description

CD28 signaling plays a critical role in shaping immune responses by ensuring effective T-cell activation and enhancing T-cell survival and proliferation. When CD28 engages its ligands, B7-1 (CD80) and B7-2 (CD86), on antigen-presenting cells, it provides an essential secondary signal that complements T-cell receptor (TCR) activation. This costimulatory signal leads to the production of interleukin-2 (IL-2), which supports the clonal expansion of T cells, promoting both their proliferation and survival by initiating anti-apoptotic pathways (Ribot et al. 2012, Alegre et al. 2001).

The cytoplasmic tail of CD28, upon ligand binding, undergoes phosphorylation by Src family kinases like LCK and FYN, triggering downstream signaling pathways involving PI3K, VAV-1, Tec family kinases, AKT, and other adaptor proteins (Sharpe & Freeman 2002; Chen & Flies 2013).

Click on a node on the pathway to see its details. Glycoproteins are marked with a glycoprotein icon in their name.

SPV: a JavaScript Signaling Pathway Visualizer, Bioinformatics, 2018

Displaying **all 7** entries
UniProt ID	Protein Name	Gene Symbol	Pathway Viewer
P07947	Tyrosine-protein kinase Yes	YES YES1	view
P10747	T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein CD28	CD28	view
P16410	Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte protein 4	CD152 CTLA4	view
P30153	Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A alpha isoform	PPP2R1A	view
P33681	T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD80	CD28LG CD28LG1 CD80 LAB7	view
P42081	T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD86	CD28LG2 CD86	view
Q14738	Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit delta isoform	PPP2R5D	view

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